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Career profile · 51-9161

Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators

Operate computer-controlled tools, machines, or robots to machine or process parts, tools, or other work pieces made of metal, plastic, wood, stone, or other materials. May also set up and maintain equipment.

What the work can involve

  • Measure dimensions of finished workpieces to ensure conformance to specifications, using precision measuring instruments, templates, and fixtures.
  • Set up and operate computer-controlled machines or robots to perform one or more machine functions on metal or plastic workpieces.
  • Mount, install, align, and secure tools, attachments, fixtures, and workpieces on machines, using hand tools and precision measuring instruments.
  • Review program specifications or blueprints to determine and set machine operations and sequencing, finished workpiece dimensions, or numerical control sequences.
  • Stop machines to remove finished workpieces or to change tooling, setup, or workpiece placement, according to required machining sequences.
  • Listen to machines during operation to detect sounds such as those made by dull cutting tools or excessive vibration, and adjust machines to compensate for problems.

Selected core tasks from O*NET 31.0. Responsibilities vary by employer, specialization and experience.

Preparation and entry routes

O*NET Job Zone 2: Some preparation

This broad O*NET group commonly involves some prior preparation and on-the-job learning. Check the specific employer, occupational credential and state requirements.

Check the route for the specific occupation where you plan to work. Education, employer experience requirements, occupational licensing and industry certification can be separate steps.

Understand the different credentials →

Skills used in this occupation

  • Critical Thinking
  • Monitoring
  • Active Listening
  • Speaking
  • Active Learning

Selected from the highest importance ratings available in O*NET 31.0. These describe the occupation, not a particular school's curriculum.

Knowledge to build

  • Mathematics
  • Production and Processing
  • Mechanical
  • English Language
  • Engineering and Technology

Selected from the highest importance ratings available in O*NET 31.0. These describe the occupation, not a particular school's curriculum.

Common work activities

  • Controlling Machines and Processes
  • Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials
  • Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings
  • Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events
  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates

Selected from the highest importance ratings available in O*NET 31.0. These describe the occupation, not a particular school's curriculum.

Training subjects to investigate

The federal education-to-occupation crosswalk connects this role to the subjects below. These links do not endorse a school or guarantee that any particular award qualifies a graduate for the job.

Working conditions to consider

These are the most common published responses to selected O*NET work-setting questions. They describe occupation-level survey findings, not every employer or a particular job.

Work-setting questionMost common responseShare giving that response
Contact With OthersConstant contact with others51.0%08/2023 · sample 32
Exposed to ContaminantsEvery day53.0%08/2023 · sample 32
Exposed to Disease or InfectionsNever92.9%08/2023 · sample 32
Exposed to Hazardous ConditionsNever55.8%08/2023 · sample 32
Spend Time SittingNever56.5%08/2023 · sample 32
Spend Time StandingContinually or almost continually76.6%08/2023 · sample 32
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or ControlsContinually or almost continually64.5%08/2023 · sample 32
Time PressureEvery day62.5%08/2023 · sample 32
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life JacketsEvery day99.4%08/2023 · sample 32
Work SchedulesRegular (established routine, set schedule)86.9%08/2023 · sample 32

O*NET 31.0 Work Context, selected topics. Only unsuppressed source responses with sample size at least 10 are shown. A most-common response need not be a majority. Sampling uncertainty applies; source dates vary. Ask employers about actual schedules, accessibility, protective equipment and working conditions.

Software used in the workplace

Use these O*NET examples to ask how a course builds practical digital skills. They are workplace examples, not a required shopping list or confirmation of a school’s curriculum.

  • Analytical or scientific software: CNC Consulting Machinists' Calculator, Kentech Kipware Trig Kalculator
  • Computer aided design CAD software: Autodesk AutoCAD, Dassault Systemes SolidWorks, KCD cabinet design software, Kentech Kipware Studio
  • Computer aided manufacturing CAM software: 1CadCam Unigraphics, BobCAD-CAM, CGTech Vericut CNC, CNC Mastercam
  • Desktop communications software: Eko
  • Development environment software: MUMPS M
  • Electronic mail software: Microsoft Outlook
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP software: ERP software, SAP software
  • Industrial control software: EditCNC, Supervisory control and data acquisition SCADA software, Work inspection software
  • Information retrieval or search software: Kentech PROTALK
  • Object or component oriented development software: G-code, M-code
  • Office suite software: Microsoft Office software
  • Presentation software: Microsoft PowerPoint

Selected categories and examples from O*NET 31.0 Software Skills. Products and employer requirements change. These examples are not endorsements; check the complete official occupation profile.

Pay & employment outlook

Salary estimates for computer numerically controlled tool operators

National median annual wage$50,690May 2025 · existing wage and salary workers
National median hourly wage$24.37May 2025 · where BLS publishes hourly pay
Middle 50% of annual wages$44,930–$61,76025th–75th percentile · not an entry-level pay range
Estimated employment169,450May 2025 · excludes self-employed workers

The median divides workers into two equally sized groups by pay. It is not a starting salary, a school’s graduate outcome or a promise of employment. Lower percentiles are not automatically new graduates.

National outlook: 2025–2035

Projected employment change-9.4%170,000 to 154,100 jobs
Projected openings per year12,500Annual average · growth plus replacement needs
Typical education for entry
High school diploma or equivalent
Related work experience
None
Typical on-the-job training
Moderate-term on-the-job training

BLS national employment projections, 2025–2035. Openings include people leaving occupations or the labor force; these are not advertised vacancies. Education categories describe typical entry, not legal eligibility or a guarantee that any specific program is sufficient.

Compare wages across 48 state/DC estimates
May 2025 cross-industry wage estimates for Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators
StateAnnual medianHourly medianEmployment
Alabama$52,380$25.193,120
Arizona$48,950$23.531,800
Arkansas$50,280$24.172,180
California$56,510$27.1721,680
Colorado$55,270$26.571,580
Connecticut$59,840$28.772,740
Delaware$50,010$24.04170
Florida$46,170$22.204,040
Georgia$47,630$22.902,200
Idaho$53,340$25.64480
Illinois$48,420$23.288,170
Indiana$48,590$23.369,690
Iowa$52,300$25.154,750
Kansas$48,400$23.272,540
Kentucky$49,180$23.641,740
Louisiana$49,800$23.94670
Maine$59,660$28.69440
Maryland$46,870$22.541,800
Massachusetts$61,630$29.632,500
Michigan$47,250$22.727,330
Minnesota$56,780$27.304,290
Mississippi$39,520$19.001,290
Missouri$51,000$24.521,500
Montana$51,880$24.94240
Nebraska$49,360$23.73830
Nevada$46,670$22.44400
New Hampshire$59,730$28.721,770
New Jersey$54,100$26.011,770
New Mexico$44,970$21.6270
New York$53,340$25.645,530
North Carolina$50,440$24.253,680
North Dakota$60,250$28.97250
Ohio$49,160$23.6321,250
Oklahoma$47,760$22.961,490
Oregon$56,670$27.242,920
Pennsylvania$54,590$26.257,840
Rhode Island$57,390$27.59540
South Carolina$51,800$24.912,460
South Dakota$50,750$24.401,420
Tennessee$49,980$24.031,980
Texas$48,480$23.3113,190
Utah$45,140$21.701,170
Vermont$57,500$27.641,190
Virginia$49,590$23.841,890
Washington$107,920$51.882,270
West Virginia$49,630$23.86160
Wisconsin$52,690$25.338,330
Wyoming$54,170$26.0460

Metropolitan and nonmetropolitan wages

Search the 389 published local-area estimates for this occupation. Metropolitan areas can cross state lines; a city’s postal name is not necessarily the statistical area’s name.

Sources: BLS May 2025 OEWS public downloads and 2025–2035 employment projections, retrieved September 9, 2026. Unpublished estimates stay unavailable. “+” means BLS’s upper reporting threshold ($239,200 annually or $115 hourly). Wages exclude self-employment and nonwage benefits. How to interpret these figures.

Compare the route and prepare for work

Questions to test the fit

  1. What does an entry-level working day look like, and how does it differ from the experienced role described here?
  2. Which tasks, work environments and schedules would I enjoy or find difficult?
  3. What education, supervised practice and credentials do local employers actually request?
  4. Can I speak with someone in the occupation or arrange a suitable workplace visit?
  5. How does the complete training cost compare with my realistic budget and available routes?
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Related occupations to compare

Related through shared training-subject mappings. Entry requirements can differ substantially.

Sources and attribution

This page includes information from the O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under CC BY 4.0. Trade School Guides selects and organizes the material and adds explanatory guidance. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed or tested these modifications. Occupation code: 51-9161.00.

Training connections: CIP 2020–SOC 2018 crosswalk. Snapshot: September 8, 2026. See the methodology.