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Career profile · 53-7051

Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators

Operate industrial trucks or tractors equipped to move materials around a warehouse, storage yard, factory, construction site, or similar location.

What the work can involve

  • Move levers or controls that operate lifting devices, such as forklifts, lift beams with swivel-hooks, hoists, or elevating platforms, to load, unload, transport, or stack material.
  • Move controls to drive gasoline- or electric-powered trucks, cars, or tractors and transport materials between loading, processing, and storage areas.
  • Manually or mechanically load or unload materials from pallets, skids, platforms, cars, lifting devices, or other transport vehicles.
  • Position lifting devices under, over, or around loaded pallets, skids, or boxes and secure material or products for transport to designated areas.
  • Inspect product load for accuracy and safely move it around the warehouse or facility to ensure timely and complete delivery.

Selected core tasks from O*NET 31.0. Responsibilities vary by employer, specialization and experience.

Preparation and entry routes

O*NET Job Zone 2: Some preparation

This broad O*NET group commonly involves some prior preparation and on-the-job learning. Check the specific employer, occupational credential and state requirements.

Check the route for the specific occupation where you plan to work. Education, employer experience requirements, occupational licensing and industry certification can be separate steps.

Understand the different credentials →

Skills used in this occupation

  • Active Listening
  • Reading Comprehension
  • Critical Thinking
  • Monitoring
  • Speaking

Selected from the highest importance ratings available in O*NET 31.0. These describe the occupation, not a particular school's curriculum.

Knowledge to build

  • Mathematics
  • English Language
  • Production and Processing
  • Transportation
  • Customer and Personal Service

Selected from the highest importance ratings available in O*NET 31.0. These describe the occupation, not a particular school's curriculum.

Common work activities

  • Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment
  • Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials
  • Handling and Moving Objects
  • Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events
  • Performing General Physical Activities

Selected from the highest importance ratings available in O*NET 31.0. These describe the occupation, not a particular school's curriculum.

Training subjects to investigate

The federal education-to-occupation crosswalk connects this role to the subjects below. These links do not endorse a school or guarantee that any particular award qualifies a graduate for the job.

Working conditions to consider

These are the most common published responses to selected O*NET work-setting questions. They describe occupation-level survey findings, not every employer or a particular job.

Work-setting questionMost common responseShare giving that response
Exposed to ContaminantsEvery day62.3%08/2021 · sample 17
Exposed to Disease or InfectionsNever98.1%08/2021 · sample 17
Exposed to Hazardous ConditionsNever70.0%08/2021 · sample 17
Spend Time SittingNever36.6%08/2021 · sample 17
Spend Time StandingContinually or almost continually36.6%08/2021 · sample 17
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or ControlsContinually or almost continually81.7%08/2021 · sample 17
Time PressureEvery day74.6%08/2021 · sample 17
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life JacketsEvery day100.0%08/2021 · sample 17
Work SchedulesRegular (established routine, set schedule)59.4%08/2021 · sample 17

O*NET 31.0 Work Context, selected topics. Only unsuppressed source responses with sample size at least 10 are shown. A most-common response need not be a majority. Sampling uncertainty applies; source dates vary. Ask employers about actual schedules, accessibility, protective equipment and working conditions.

Software used in the workplace

Use these O*NET examples to ask how a course builds practical digital skills. They are workplace examples, not a required shopping list or confirmation of a school’s curriculum.

  • Computer aided design CAD software: Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Electronic mail software: Microsoft Outlook
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP software: SAP software
  • Inventory management software: ATMS StockTrack PLUS, Argos Software ABECAS Insight WMS, BarControl Enterprise Manager iBEM, IntelliTrack Warehouse Management System (WMS)
  • Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software: SSA Global Supply Chain Management, Symphony GOLD, Warehouse management system WMS
  • Office suite software: Microsoft Office software
  • Spreadsheet software: Microsoft Excel
  • Word processing software: Microsoft Word

Selected categories and examples from O*NET 31.0 Software Skills. Products and employer requirements change. These examples are not endorsements; check the complete official occupation profile.

Physical demands and schedule evidence

BLS surveyed jobs in the broader occupation Industrial truck and tractor operators (SOC 53-7051). These preliminary 2025 estimates describe work requirements across surveyed employers. Individual workplaces, adjustments and duties differ.

Explore 53 occupational requirement estimates
RequirementShare of workersStandard error
Workers that had work schedule variability required This estimate is the mode for the category group.72.6%9.3 percentage points
Workers that had the ability to pause work47.3%5.3 percentage points
Workers that had the ability to telework Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that required on-the-job training This estimate is the mode for the category group.97.3%1.8 percentage points
Workers that required prior work experience This estimate is the mode for the category group.52.5%10.6 percentage points
Workers that were not exposed to extreme cold This estimate is the mode for the category group.77.2%5.4 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to extreme cold, seldom Estimate is less than 20 percent.<20%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme cold, occasionally7.0%4.5 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to extreme cold, frequently Estimate is less than 5 percent.<5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme cold, constantly Estimate is less than 5 percent.<5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme cold22.8%5.4 percentage points
Workers that were not exposed to extreme heat Estimate is greater than 95 percent. This estimate is the mode for the category group.>95%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme heat, seldom Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme heat, occasionally Estimate is less than 5 percent.<5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme heat, frequently Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme heat, constantly Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to extreme heat Estimate is less than 5 percent.<5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to quiet noise Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were exposed to moderate noise This estimate is the mode for the category group.98.4%1.0 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to loud noise1.6%1.0 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to very loud noise Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that used personal protective equipment to mitigate exposure to noise28.0%6.2 percentage points
Workers that were not exposed to outdoors This estimate is the mode for the category group.60.0%4.9 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to outdoors, seldom26.6%4.5 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to outdoors, occasionally5.9%2.2 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to outdoors, frequently1.8%0.9 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to outdoors, constantly5.7%3.1 percentage points
Workers that were exposed to outdoors40.0%4.9 percentage points
Workers that were allowed the choice of sitting or standing Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that were not allowed the choice of sitting or standing Estimate is greater than 99.5 percent. This estimate is the mode for the category group.>99.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that required climbing ladders, ropes, or scaffolds8.3%4.5 percentage points
Workers that required driving Estimate is greater than 99.5 percent. This estimate is the mode for the category group.>99.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that required low postures, seldom16.9%4.3 percentage points
Workers that required low postures, occasionally This estimate is the mode for the category group.65.4%5.8 percentage points
Workers that required low postures, frequently Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that required low postures, constantly Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that required work in low postures82.3%4.8 percentage points
Workers that could choose to crawl when in low postures Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that could choose to stoop when in low postures This estimate is the mode for the category group.53.4%8.6 percentage points
Workers that could choose to kneel when in low postures37.0%4.7 percentage points
Workers that could choose to crouch when in low postures This estimate is the mode for the category group.53.5%6.4 percentage points
Workers that required reaching overhead, seldom12.7%3.2 percentage points
Workers that required reaching overhead, occasionally25.4%9.0 percentage points
Workers that required reaching overhead, frequently Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that required reaching overhead, constantly Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.
Workers that required reaching overhead with one hand6.0%2.7 percentage points
Workers that required reaching overhead with both hands This estimate is the mode for the category group.32.2%7.2 percentage points
Workers that required reaching overhead38.1%8.3 percentage points
Workers that required a sedentary strength level7.2%3.4 percentage points
Workers that required a light strength level14.2%2.8 percentage points
Workers that required a medium strength level This estimate is the mode for the category group.64.9%5.8 percentage points
Workers that required a heavy strength level13.8%5.6 percentage points
Workers that required a very heavy strength level Estimate is less than 0.5 percent.<0.5%Not published The standard error is not available for this estimate.

Use this evidence to ask about the actual work environment and available accommodations. It is not a medical assessment or a reason to rule yourself out of an occupation.

BLS Occupational Requirements Survey, preliminary 2025, released January 16, 2026; samples collected August 2023–July 2025. Source bounds such as “less than” are preserved. Categories are not necessarily additive. Understanding standard errors.

Pay & employment outlook

Salary estimates for industrial truck and tractor operators

National median annual wage$46,420May 2025 · existing wage and salary workers
National median hourly wage$22.32May 2025 · where BLS publishes hourly pay
Middle 50% of annual wages$40,030–$54,77025th–75th percentile · not an entry-level pay range
Estimated employment774,420May 2025 · excludes self-employed workers

The median divides workers into two equally sized groups by pay. It is not a starting salary, a school’s graduate outcome or a promise of employment. Lower percentiles are not automatically new graduates.

National outlook: 2025–2035

Projected employment change+1.5%765,200 to 776,300 jobs
Projected openings per year64,700Annual average · growth plus replacement needs
Typical education for entry
No formal educational credential
Related work experience
None
Typical on-the-job training
Short-term on-the-job training

BLS national employment projections, 2025–2035. Openings include people leaving occupations or the labor force; these are not advertised vacancies. Education categories describe typical entry, not legal eligibility or a guarantee that any specific program is sufficient.

Compare wages across 51 state/DC estimates
May 2025 cross-industry wage estimates for Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators
StateAnnual medianHourly medianEmployment
Alabama$44,880$21.5815,360
Alaska$54,190$26.05410
Arizona$48,110$23.1312,340
Arkansas$43,780$21.0510,850
California$47,770$22.9789,620
Colorado$50,570$24.318,570
Connecticut$47,190$22.693,780
Delaware$60,350$29.025,230
District of Columbia$83,720$40.25Not published
Florida$48,370$23.2538,400
Georgia$43,210$20.7850,260
Hawaii$53,640$25.79880
Idaho$46,600$22.402,560
Illinois$47,720$22.9429,450
Indiana$45,650$21.9523,090
Iowa$47,590$22.887,770
Kansas$47,430$22.807,700
Kentucky$46,630$22.4211,270
Louisiana$48,950$23.547,680
Maine$47,730$22.952,900
Maryland$45,630$21.9413,740
Massachusetts$46,850$22.528,390
Michigan$45,220$21.7423,470
Minnesota$49,740$23.917,110
Mississippi$43,420$20.889,640
Missouri$45,190$21.7311,470
Montana$48,060$23.10910
Nebraska$46,730$22.465,020
Nevada$45,230$21.757,300
New Hampshire$54,460$26.191,450
New Jersey$46,100$22.1621,790
New Mexico$62,150$29.882,620
New York$49,030$23.5718,420
North Carolina$43,420$20.8826,830
North Dakota$49,260$23.68930
Ohio$46,450$22.3342,360
Oklahoma$44,700$21.497,850
Oregon$50,760$24.408,560
Pennsylvania$47,730$22.9542,110
Rhode Island$45,010$21.64780
South Carolina$43,680$21.0014,210
South Dakota$47,410$22.791,940
Tennessee$42,100$20.2420,070
Texas$45,450$21.8588,780
Utah$49,040$23.586,830
Vermont$47,380$22.78950
Virginia$46,920$22.5619,320
Washington$49,910$24.0018,750
West Virginia$41,670$20.031,400
Wisconsin$47,720$22.9412,150
Wyoming$59,820$28.76790

Metropolitan and nonmetropolitan wages

Search the 523 published local-area estimates for this occupation. Metropolitan areas can cross state lines; a city’s postal name is not necessarily the statistical area’s name.

Sources: BLS May 2025 OEWS public downloads and 2025–2035 employment projections, retrieved September 9, 2026. Unpublished estimates stay unavailable. “+” means BLS’s upper reporting threshold ($239,200 annually or $115 hourly). Wages exclude self-employment and nonwage benefits. How to interpret these figures.

Compare the route and prepare for work

Questions to test the fit

  1. What does an entry-level working day look like, and how does it differ from the experienced role described here?
  2. Which tasks, work environments and schedules would I enjoy or find difficult?
  3. What education, supervised practice and credentials do local employers actually request?
  4. Can I speak with someone in the occupation or arrange a suitable workplace visit?
  5. How does the complete training cost compare with my realistic budget and available routes?
Use the career-change checklist →

Sources and attribution

This page includes information from the O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under CC BY 4.0. Trade School Guides selects and organizes the material and adds explanatory guidance. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed or tested these modifications. Occupation code: 53-7051.00.

Training connections: CIP 2020–SOC 2018 crosswalk. Snapshot: September 8, 2026. See the methodology.